The Compromise Of The Declaration Of Independence Essay

It was a Thursday in 1776; the Second Continental Congress was meeting to sign the Declaration of Independence. In the very words of the document, Americans agreed to the ideas that all men were created equal with unalienable rights; among these were Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. The young country, even though there were different opinions and ideas had compromised for the betterment of all Americans. Compromise; the definition is the agreement or settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions. The country had extensive opportunities to compromise on laws, territories, societies, and industrializations. By 1860, the sense of compromise started to disappear, and America stood on the verge of monumental discord. The Compromise of 1820 brought both sides of the slavery debate to an agreement. In 1819, Missouri proposed to join the Union as a slave state. If Missouri joined as a slave state, this would teeter the balance in the House of Rep resentatives with a greater number of pro-slavery Congressman. In the compromise, Congress initiated a two-part plan; to admit Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state and a new boundary line was drawn at longitude 36ââ€" ¦ 30’ through the former Louisiana Territory separating free and slave states.1 The compromise settled each side for a time, but the sectional and political conflicts continued to escalate. Consequently, after the Mexican-American War (1846-1848), the country neededShow MoreRelatedHistory of the Declaration of Independence738 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿The Declaration of Independence: A brief history The Declaration of Independence is not a formal, legal document like the U.S. Constitution. However, it is often cited as setting forth the principles of the American system of government and used as a defense of the principles of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness in the American political discourse. While not officially binding like a body of law, because of its ideological and emotional significance, the Declaration still remains relevantRead MoreBehind The United States Constitution1040 Words   |  5 PagesConstitution create stronger guidelines for the new country, but it also partnered with the Declaration of Independence in relieving some grievances of the people. One other important deal that occurred to enable the drafting of the Constitution is The Great Compromise. Without it, we may not have the Constitution as we know it today. Grievances in the Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence was partly drafted in retaliation to King George III and his tyranny. The people had manyRead MoreThe Necessary Evil That United The Colonies. Slavery Is1508 Words   |  7 Pagesall mankind. This is at least the way it would seem according to the very document declaring freedom from England, The Declaration of Independence. According to The Declaration of Independence (US 1776) â€Å"all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.† The Declaration does not dictate these equalities and rights to a specific group of people nor does it single any group out, it declaresRead MoreShermans Great Compromise Essay912 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica. According to Thomas Kindig in the article, Signers of the Declaration of Independence; Sherman was one of the most outspoken and persistent members in the convention. In Madison’s notes, he is credited with approximately one hundred and thirty-eight speeches in where he preached strongly about federalism. He proposed what is presently known as â€Å"The Great Compromise† or â€Å"The Connecticut Compromise†. With his compromise, he shaped our government and steered America towards becoming the largeRead MoreEssay about The 4th of July vs. Justice Taney in Dred Scott Ruling1144 Words   |  5 Pagesas the irony and hypocracy, that was especially evident on that day. He explained that this hypocracy aimed at the black population was evident on several fronts, and so, he refers to the fourth of July as the birthday of your National Independence and your political freedom. However, Frederick Douglas never lost hope. Although in his speeches and writing he aludes greatly to the detestable and horrid facts black enslavement, he nonetheless saw a silver lining. There isRead MoreSlavery1001 Words   |  5 Pagesthe North and South were unable to reconcile their differences through conventional diplomatic means. In 1850, the south started to violate the Missouri compromise, push laws referencing slavery into new western lands, as well as northern territory. As a result, a new compromise, dubbed the â€Å"Compromise of 1850† was established. This compromise would include a law that most Northerners saw as an endeavor to extend the southern limitation of freedom into their land, called the â€Å"Slave Act of 1850†Read MoreThe Declaration Of Independence And Independence877 Words   |  4 PagesThe Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is without a doubt one of the most important documents ever to be written in American history so far. It was signed by fifty-six different men, all who were representatives from different states. The person who wrote the Declaration of Independence is someone who we all know and grew up learning about, the famous Thomas Jefferson. The purpose of it was to declare the 13 colonies in America free and independent from Great Britain, getRead MoreThe Importance Of The Declaration Of Independence911 Words   |  4 Pagesyear 1776 was the official proclamation of the independence of the colonies. The film 1776 directed by Peter H. Hunt accurately displays the battle of ideas between Northern and Southern Congressional delegates over the official Declaration of Independence and the task of procuring the document. The process of writing the Declaration of Independence was no easy task, as demonstrated in the film 1776. Before detailing the dealings of the Independence Committee tasked with writing the document, itRead MoreJean Jacques Rousseau And The Declaration Of Independence Essay1459 Words   |  6 Pagespeople should decide how they are governed. Like The Social Contract, the Declaration of Independence is a document that sets out to explain the relationship between a government and its people based on an an understanding of that relationship. The Declaration of Independence was composed by Thomas Jefferson in 1766, and shares many of the same ideals as The Social Contract. The Social Contract and the Declaration of Independence are more similar than different because Jean-Jacques Rousseau influencedRead MoreThe Most Reasons For Becoming Independent1057 Words   |  5 Pagesjust like those and more. Our land of the free and home of the brave would become the independent United States of America on July 4th, 1776. Before the leading battles in the Revolutionary War emerged, very little of the colonists wanted full independence from Great Britain. Toward the beginning there were little problems between the colonies and Great Britain. A lot happened though between the years of 1763 and 1776 that would help push the colonist. The colonist were taxed unfairly and they were

Essay on Appearance vs Reality in Othello and Twelfth Night

Appearance versus Reality in Othello and Twelfth Night Shakespeare cleverly uses the art of disguise, in both his tragedies and his comedies, in order to employ a literary device known as dramatic irony, where the audience members are aware of something (in this case the true identity of characters) that characters in the play are not. This, of course, creates tension in a play and excites the audience; actions take place on the stage, of which the audience knows the import, but characters on the stage do not. It also creates a setting for a great deal of irony where characters make comments that take on a double meaning. Two examples of characters who utilize such disguise are Iago, from Othello, and Viola, from†¦show more content†¦He himself, in attempts to protect his disguise, stabs Cassio, Roderigo, and his wife. The reasons Viola chooses to disguise herself, however, are to protect herself from danger, and to win the love of the Duke. In a few days time while masked in this disguise, through her wit, charm, loyalty and musical ability she wins the trust of the Duke, who employs her to woo Olivia. In her loyalty to the Duke, though she is deeply in love with him, she makes an honest attempt to win Olivias love. Violas speech throughout the scenes where she attempts to woo Olivia for the Duke provide a great deal of irony such as when she tells Olivia, I swear I am not that I play (I, v, 180). The entire dialogue between Viola and the Duke about the love of a man versus that of a woman is also quite humorous, especially when she, through cryptic language, tells him shes in love with him, saying, My father had a daughter loved a man as it might perhaps, were I a woman, I should your lordship (II, iv, 107-109). Later, her punning almost commands sympathy when while jesting with Viola, Feste makes a quip about her lack of a beard, and she responds, By my troth, Ill tell thee, Im almost sick for one [aside] though I would not have it grow on my chin (III, i, 46-48). It is, of course, also quite humorous when Viola unwittingly earns Olivias affection--for herself, and

Adrenaline Rush by Z100s Jingleball 2009 free essay sample

I have always considered myself to be an expert when it came to music. My friends always say that I’m the only one they know who can sing every lyric to every song on the radio. I guess it’s just a talent I have; I have a great memory. Because music is such an important part of my life, I love going to any concert that I can. The Jonas Brothers put on a show that no band’s concert can compare to, but, recently, I experienced a new thrill that I have never felt before. At Z100’s Jingleball, I was so excited to see Taylor Swift perform that I was shaking every time her name was announced. Taylor is one of my inspirations; I think she secretly writes songs about my life. When Taylor Swift walked out on stage that night, I think my heart stopped. I was so happy that she was singing â€Å"You Belong with Me† on the stage in front of me, I almost started to cry. We will write a custom essay sample on Adrenaline Rush by Z100s Jingleball 2009 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was such an unbelievable thing to watch someone perform that I look up to so much. Taylor Swift’s music has always fit in times that I felt like a song should be playing in the background, like in the movies. I fell in love with Adam Lambert the moment I heard his voice on American Idol. Many people don’t like Adam, but he is one of the most interesting people I have ever seen. My mom and I blast Adam’s CD every morning on the forty-five second drive to school, and she was totally jealous that I was able to see him at Jingleball. I don’t care that he is gay; I would marry him. I was told that he was co-hosting the concert, but performance after performance went by and he was not in sight. I was starting to get really upset because I didn’t think I would get to see him, but then I saw his crazy black hair behind the stage. I dug my nails into my friend’s arm and started to scream like a crazy person. He only came out for literally one min ute to present Taylor Swift, but that one minute consisted of me screaming so loud that I lost my voice! Just the fact that he was in the same room as me drove me wild. I think music is important to everyone because it allows people to have role models and inspiration for their lives. For me, personally, music is the way I express myself. I write songs every chance I get, and my parents always call me â€Å"Mini Taylor.† Being able to watch music performed live by my favorite artists is the number one way that I get an adrenaline rush.

Women In Shakespeares Writings Essay Example For Students

Women In Shakespeares Writings Essay Shakespeare wrote many entries based on his feelings at that moment. The basis of many of his female characters was brought about by these certain emotions. The women in Shakespeares writings emphasize many of the characteristics that reflect his own personality. Shakespeare bases many of his plays and poems on his moods.It is often said when writers write of what emotional state they are in, their words form the essence of their works. Shakespeares moods, whether dark or romantic, have brought about many excellent plays that still touch the hearts of many to this day. (Kellog 225 -256)An example of his romantic mood is found in his play Romeo Juliet. The strong love between the two reflected Shakespeares love for his wife Anne. The bonds of love drive the two star-crossed lovers to disobey their families in hopes that their true love will unites the mortal enemies forever. In turn it pushes everyone to the edge. Juliets father partially disowns her because she refuses to marry the suitor he has chosen for her. In effort to keep her and Romeos love alive, Juliet takes a drug that makes her seem as though she were dead. (O Conner 69)In the hour of her fake funeral, Romeos friend Balthasar misinterprets Juliets death. He flees to Mantua, which is where Romeo is exiled for slaying Tybalt. Romeo, not knowing of Juliet and the priests actions, believes that story he was told to be true. He then returns to Verona a sad and forlorned man. (o conner 127)Upon his return, Romeo purchases poison so that he may join his true love at the gates of heaven. He arrives at the church and approaches the supposedly dead Juliet. He allows himself one last hug and kiss before they are to meet again. As Romeo drinks the poison, Juliet awakens to find her love dying before her. When Romeo dies, Juliet feels the only way they can be together is in death. Therefore, Juliet falls on Romeos sword so they can reunite again. Romeo ; Juliet is one of Shakespeares most famous romantic tragedies. (O conner 217)Another characteristic that Shakespeare posses and gives to his female characters is religious beliefs. During the Renaissance period, women were very active in religion. They were only allowed to speak their minds in church so that is where the y spent most of their time (sachs 17). The belief of the Renaissance time was that men ruled over their wives, as parents did children, as kings did coutries, and as God rules over all. Shakespeare shows the dark and light side of religion in many of his plays. We will write a custom essay on Women In Shakespeares Writings specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Shakespeare shows the lurid side of religion in his play Macbeth. This play is filled with references to Satan, hell, and damnation (Baker 332). Lady macbeth persuades her husband to kill the king so he can take over the thrown. To get him to do so, she questions his manhood. When he begins to question whether they should do it or not, Lady Macbeth calls on the demons of hell to unsex her so that she can preform the sin (o conner 145 -146). Even though she asks hel to do so, she can not kill the king. She believs that he looks too much like her own father so she sends Macbeth to do it. The calling of the fiery hell helps set the horrid effects of damnation and Satan in Macbeth. (Baker 332) Shakespeare shows the bright side of religion throughtout his play Hamlet. In the play, Shakespeare has Ophelia crying, Oh help him, you sweet heavens! Heavenly power restore him! (Boyce 267). In Hamlet, Shakespeare brings out the allusions of the heavens. In this play, Shakespeare has Ophelia call ing to the heavens for many different reason. one reason is that her father had died and she needed to confide in the angels for guidance. One other reason is that Hamlet denies his love for her. The final reason is that she knows not what to do about Hamlets atrocious behavior. (201)In conclusion, Shakespeare shows many of his own characteristics through the personalities of his female characters. Juliet, Lady Macbeth, and Ophelia each represent an important characteristic of Shakespeare. Through

Just Write the Damn Thing

Just Write the Damn Thing Joe and I scampered through the old Madrid cobblestone streets, dodging puddles and party recruiters, having no choice but to embrace the rain. I lived in the center of the city four years ago with Joe ´s older brother, Ben. This night was Joe ´s first in the Spanish capital. After a few street beers and too many patatas bravas, we settled under a bus stop to escape the unusually heavy Iberian rain. Never having spent time alone with Joe, we spoke open and honestly most of the night, as if my connection with Ben extended to his brother before me. Joe writes. A lot. Joe writes for multiple sites based in London, where he studies abroad. At home in the states, Joe writes papers for his classes and for his friends at his large state university. He shared the intricacies of Germany ´s transition from WWI to WWII as if he was there himself. Turns out he has written three papers for that class, a class he does not attend. At our bus stop in Madrid ´s Sol plaza, thousands of miles from the students Joe may be hurting As conversation turned from life abroad and Joe ´s muddy shoe to his writing adventures, I revealed my fear of putting pen to paper. I have jumped off 50 foot cliffs and squeeze my moped between cars on the streets of my new Andalucian hometown, but my fear of opening my world of ideas to the world of humans around me is one I have not conquered. As Joe interrogated me for reasons, I felt minor embarrassment relaying them. Can a gunslinger who has written at least an article a day for three months understand why I want my 600-word blog entry to be perfect? I feel unworthy. I have a million ideas rattling around in my head and my iPhone notes, but my ideas cannot possibly be worth anybody ´s time. Even scarier, the rough drafts of my ideas remain perfect inside my head and behind my fingerprint passcode. When exposed to a world of readers, they certainly will be misunderstood, right? But what if they ´re not? What if something I write resonates with a stranger from a faraway place or gives joy to a friend from down the street. What if I enjoy sharing myself with people? What if I actually am worthy? Just write the damn thing! Joe says, as if stating the obvious. My old soul was educated So here I am, just writing the damn thing.

How to Reference an Ebook †Chicago Style

How to Reference an Ebook – Chicago Style How to Reference an Ebook – Chicago Style The Chicago Manual of Style is used in various academic fields and sets out a system for citing sources. And when writing a paper with Chicago style citations, you may need to know how to cite an ebook. Footnotes or Author-Date Citations? The Chicago system is unusual in that it permits two types of referencing, covering both â€Å"notes and bibliography† and â€Å"author-date† styles. Remember to check your institution’s style guide for advice about which to use. Well look at both styles in the rest of this post. Ebook Citations: Notes and Bibliography â€Å"Notes and bibliography† citations are most common in the humanities. The basic format uses superscript numbers in the text to indicate a footnote, in which you provide the relevant information for the source you’re citing. For an ebook, this includes either the format or URL where it can be found: n. Author Name, Title (City of Publication: Publisher, Year), Format/URL. For example, the first citation of an ebook for Kindle would appear as: 1. Michelle Bookman, How to Write Ebooks (New York: PMP Publications, 2015), Kindle edition. Subsequent references to the same source can then be shortened to just the author surname and title: 1. Michelle Bookman. How to Write Ebooks (New York: PMP Publications, 2015), Kindle edition. 2. Bookman, How to Write Ebooks. If you’re quoting a source, remember to provide the relevant page numbers in your footnote. If no page numbers are available, use a section, chapter or paragraph number instead: 3. Bookman, How to Write Ebooks, 75. 4. Bookman, How to Write Ebooks, chap. 2, para. 13. Every cited source cited must be added tot he bibliography. The information to provide for an ebook is similar to the first footnote, but the punctuation is a little different and the authors names are reversed: Author Surname, First Name. Title. City of Publication: Publisher, Year. Format/URL. For the example above, the bibliography entry would be: Bookman, Michelle. How to Write Ebooks. New York: PMP Publications, 2015, Kindle edition. Ebook Citations: Author-Date Style The â€Å"author-date† format is more common in the sciences. When referencing an ebook, in-text citations should include the author surname and year of publication in parentheses: Writing ebooks is simple (Bookman 2015). If you’re quoting the source, citations need page numbers, too (either in the main citation or after the quoted passage if author is named in the text): Writing an ebook will be â€Å"simple† (Bookman 2015, 7). According to Bookman (2015) ebooks are â€Å"easy to write† (7). You then give full information in a reference list using the following format: Author Surname, First Name. Year of Publication. Title. City of Publication: Publisher. Format/URL. For example, we could list an ebook as follows: Bookman, Michelle. 2015. How to Write Ebooks. New York: Penguin Classics. Kindle edition.

Lateral violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lateral violence - Essay Example Many theories have been put forward to explain the phenomena in nursing but low self-esteem plays a major role in perpetrating lateral violence. This paper discusses lateral violence in nursing. In nursing profession, Kramer (1974) defines lateral violence as unsuitable behavior or aggression between fellow nursing colleagues. Lateral violence occurs between nurses working on the same level of nursing hierarchy. A nurse who uses this kind of violence usually intends to inflict psychological pain to the other colleague. The violence manifests itself differently and Griffin (2004) indentified ten forms of lateral violence including non-verbal innuendo, withholding information, verbal affront, undermining activities, infighting, and sabotage. In addition, scapegoating, backstabbing, broken confidences and failure to respect privacy are other forms of lateral violence between nurses (Griffin, 2004). Lateral violence is a serious problem in nursing and many research studies indicate an in creasing trend of the vice in health care institutions. A study conducted by Institute of Medicine (2004) established that 65% of the nurses in the United States healthcare institutions often observed lateral violence behaviors in their colleagues. ... Consequently, these effects enhance professional disengagement, job dissatisfaction, increased turnover and absenteeism, which reduce their performance and productivity in the work places. In this case, patients pay the heaviest price of lateral violence because they receive poor services that expose them to greater health and safety risks (Stanley, 2010). According to Longo and Sherman (2007), lateral violence distracts cognitive abilities of the nurses undermining their concentration at work, leading to increased injuries and errors. Moreover, Griffin (2004) notes that the affected nurses suffer from heightened psychological and physical problems that expose their patients to greater risks. According to Stanley (2010), 67% of nurses in an Australian hospital admitted to making errors when angry about an aggression incident. Kramer (1974) attributes lateral violence to increased nurse turnover in the Unites States’ health care institutions. This trend imposes heavy economic b urden to health care institutions. A study conducted by Stanley (2010) in United States acute care hospitals established that turnover expense of one registered nurse cost the institutions from$62,000 to $67,000. In 2007, Stanley (2010) established that the turnover costs of one registered nurse in the country ranged from $82,000 to $88,000 in the whole year. The costs represented a 32% increase in a 5-year period, from 2002 to 2007. Researchers attribute lateral violence in nursing to various factors. Griffin (2004) argues that the aggression results from oppressed group behavior. The profession demands a lot from the nurses and yet they are not given enough

Information security management framework Research Paper - 2

Information security management framework - Research Paper Example In regards to the security of information and networks, policies typically cover a single aspect such as the acceptable utilization of computing facilities in a learning institution (Singh, 2007). On the other hand, standards are thorough and comprehensive statements of the aspects that members of an organization are supposed to participate in in order to abide by the set policies. They may exist in the form of requirements specific to systems or procedures, which are supposed to be adhered to by everyone. For instance, the employees may wish to use their personal mobile devices in the workplace; in this case, the standards set for the connection of the mobile devices to the network run by the organization must be adhered to precisely (Laet & Schauwers, 2005). Additionally, guidelines are literally groups of system or procedural specific recommendations that govern nest practices but are not must-follow controls. Nevertheless, reference to standards and guidelines is seen as an efficient and effective aspect of a good security policy. All the documents listed have varying target audiences in a company and thus they are not supposed to be combined into a single document. Rathe r, there should be a number of documents, which will collectively develop the concept of an information security policy framework thereby making the security policy the most important document

The Road-Father Son Relationship Essay Example for Free

The Road-Father Son Relationship Essay The Road by Cormac McCarthy, the man protects and guides the boy during their trudge to the south. However, in the story, they act more as companions than father and son, and the man treats the boy as an equal both in action and dialogue. Chased by cannibals, the boy he man seeks to defend the boy from both the cannibals and scavenge food for them to survive. As the man and boy trek down the road, cannibals closely hunt them and they often escape by hiding or by retreating away. The man often plunders empty houses, trying to find food and clothes for them. The man is successful, finding â€Å"crate upon create of canned goods† (McCarthy 138). â€Å"Tomatoes, peaches, beans, apricots, canned ham, corned beef†, etc. (McCarthy 138) provides the food the man and the boy eats. The man carries a pistol with him used to shield them from cannibals. Before the man dies, he gives the boy the pistol, telling him to â€Å"keep the gun with you at all times. You need to find the good guys but you cant take any chances. † (McCarthy 278). As mentioned before, the man and boy communicate more as friends than relatives.. At the beginning of The Road, when the man first woke â€Å"he’d reach out to touch the child sleeping beside him† to confirm the child’s well-being. The man will â€Å"read me [the boy] a story† (McCarthy 7) and â€Å"held the boy close to him† (McCarthy 29). The boy demonstrates great maturity as he cares for the man by reminding him to â€Å"pour the hot water back [†¦] and pour some of the cocoa into his own† (McCarthy 34) and constantly reminding the man to take heed of his health. Eventually, after the man dies, he was â€Å"wrapped in a blanket†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (McCarthy 286) and the boy â€Å"sat beside him and he [the boy]

Isolation of a Urea Degrading Bacteria :: Biology

Isolation of a Urea Degrading Bacteria Introduction Urea was the first organic chemical to be synthetically produced1, previously it was thought that only living creatures could produce organic compounds Urea is naturally produced by the kidneys as waste from the degradation of amino acids. It is because of this that urea is commonly found in soils and is a useful nutrient source for bacteria that are able to utilise it, such as, Helicobacter pylori, Klebsiella pneumonia, all species of Proteus and Micrococcus luteus. These bacteria degrade urea in a reaction catalysed by the urease enzyme, CO(NH2)2 + H2O Ã  CO2 + 2NH3. this process benefits the bacteria in several ways. The bacteria use the ammonia that is produced for respiration, the products also raise the pH of the environment. This promotes the growth of many urea degrading bacteria and inhibits competition from many other bacterial species. M. luteus is commonly found on mammalian skin and it is unusual for a member of the natural human flora to degrade urea. It is believed that M. luteus has this ability as an evolutionary hangover from its life in its ancestral soil habitat. In this environment urea is readily available and the ability to degrade it is a distinct advantage. As the species evolved to live on skin the trait remained, as it had no negative effect on survivability. Micrococcus is a genus within the Micrococcaceae family. With the use of 16s RNA in bacterial taxonomy the genus has recently been revised2. The genus now includes three species, M. luteus, M. lylae and M. antarcticus3. M. luteus is a common yellow gram-positive coccus and roughly 0.5-2.0mm in diameter. Cells appear in pairs, tetrads and irregular clusters but never in chains.4 Method of Isolation * Isolate a variety of organisms from soil and skin. By taking samples from four different sources (three skin and one soil) the chance of urea degrading bacteria being present was increased. * Culture in nutrient broth. This allowed all isolated microbes to grow. * Plate sample onto urea plates. On these plates urea was the only nutrient available, this meant that any bacteria that grew could degrade urea. * Perform urease test. Isolated bacteria are grown in a broth containing phosphate buffer, yeast extract, 2% urea and phenol red. An agar slope of the medium is heavily inoculated and incubated at 370c for at least four hours. If the organism only has low urease activity the phosphate buffer will neutralise the NH3 produced. A red colour indicates that NH3 has been produced and the result is positive5. * Perform Gram stain. This is the most important stain in bacteriology and differentiates between gram positive and gram-negative cell walls, which indicates

The Five- Forty Eight

Peaceful Triumph in the Face of Evil Atonement can be achieved without vengeance. Revenge is so basic, so animal a reaction to evil; it takes a higher level of thinking to achieve redemption without hateful spite and revenge. Atonement is satisfying after the anguish of rancor and internal violence brought on by maltreatment. When the goal is to equalize one’s enemy rather than destroy him, the end result is fulfilling. Although one immediately wants to take down his aggressor, in the long run, he will discover that this does not bring him the peace that they seek. In the short story â€Å"The Five- Forty- Eight† by John Clever, a businessman named Blake is kidnapped at gunpoint by his former secretary, Ms. Dent. She is mentally ill and angry with him for ignoring and promptly firing her after their one night stand, bringing him to a warehouse where she contemplates shooting him in revenge, but instead simply walks away. Having confronted the man that has wronged her without taking his life, Ms. Dent eventually leaves the scene, reborn without her anger. Redemption found in the absence of revenge is far more fulfilling a solution to a problem than one found through vengeance and violence. â€Å"The Five- Forty- Eight† is a prime example of this philosophy. Ms. Dent feels that Blake’s malice is the root of her unhappiness. While her mental illness has contributed to her deep inner turmoil, a great deal of it has been stirred up by his cruelly insensitive actions towards her. He preyed on her as he had other women, revealed through the narrator’s assertion that â€Å"most of the many women he had known had been picked for their lack of self- esteem† (Cheever). This gives us a brief glimpse into Blake’s past treatment of women. It is meant to be assumed that the women that Blake has â€Å"known† in the past are others that he was intimate with in brief and loveless affairs. Having said â€Å"picked† allows the reader to recognize that these were not simply women he happened upon in passing, these were in fact women that he specifically chose amongst all others, having perceived them as the easiest targets. Most importantly, the narrator says that these women were picked for their â€Å"lack of self- esteem. This reveals Blake’s true predatory nature. He wanted a woman he perceived to be weak and easy to manipulate for his own devices. Blake used Ms. Dents â€Å"oversensitivity† (Cheever) and â€Å"lack of self- esteem† (Cheever) in order to satisfy his own desires. Blake personifies evil within this story, and his actions against his secretary are the execution of aforementioned evil. Had Ms. Dent killed Blake and therefore vanquished evil, she would not have found peace with her inner demons. Ms. Dent was quite ill to begin with, having spent eight months in a hospital prior to her work for Blake, and her handwriting giving â€Å"the feeling that she had been the victim of some inner—some emotional—conflict that had in its violence broken the continuity of the lines she was able to make on paper† (Cheever). The use of the word â€Å"victim† incites that she is suffering unduly by no fault of her own. The idea that there is â€Å"violence† in her illness lends to the reader the severity of her disease. That the disease should have â€Å"broken the continuity of the lines she was able to make on paper† shows that the troubles of her disease are now pouring outward, evident through things so ordinary as her handwriting. Ms. Dent is quite ill, the impact of this illness becoming obvious long before she kidnapped Blake. Shooting him and thereby expressing the violence and â€Å"conflict† within her would push her over the edge and completely destroy her. Had Ms. Dent destroyed Blake, the evil in her life, she could never and been vindicated of the burdening emotional pain she felt. She is quite capable of overcoming the sadness he caused without killing him. Ms. Dent successfully overcomes the reprobate, evil character in her life without killing him. After bringing him to the warehouse, Ms. Dent forces Blake to the ground, repeating several times, â€Å"Put your face in the dirt† (Cheever). He is now beneath her, having been forced to bend to her will so far as to put his face against the dirty floor of a city warehouse. She then goes on to say â€Å"I can wash my hands of this† (Cheever) several times as well. The washing of hands is an allusion to the Bible, where Pilate, the Roman general who decided to hang Christ upon the cross, also claims to wash his hands of any fault he has in persecuting Jesus. In saying this, Ms. Dent cleanses herself of the â€Å"filth† in her life that has caused her such misery. She then leaves Blake there on the ground, crossing a wooden footbridge and disappearing. This crossing of the bridge metaphorically shows that she is now beyond the obstacle that had impeded her ability to be happy, having done so without harming the obstacle itself, much like a bridge continues one’s path over a river without ever disrupting it. The narrator goes on to say that â€Å"he saw by her attitude, her looks, that she had forgotten him† (Cheever), and we finally know that she is ultimately at peace with herself, and has managed to find this peace without resorting to the ultimate violence of murder. Ms. Dent had purged herself of evil without ever having to destroy its source. The root of nearly all great pain and emotional toil is evil. However tempting it may be to destroy this evil, to vanquish it, to kill it, this will never bring he who suffers the peace he seeks. Should Ms. Dent have killed Blake, she never would have found the redemption she sought. Forcing him into the dirt, lowering him below her, and therefore allowing her to elevate herself above evil gave her the fulfillment that she desired and alleviated the pain that she felt. John Cheever’s â€Å"The Five- Forty- Eight† shows us that the destruction of evil is not necessary when overcoming it. It is in elevating oneself above evil, the realization that one is greater than that which has caused one such suffering, that peace is finally found.

American Arbitration Association

The American Arbitration Association (AAA) focuses on providing organizations or individuals with alternative dispute resolution services. In the United States, American Arbitration Association provides people with administrative services. Arbitration is usually used to resolve commercial disputes and it can either be mandatory or voluntary. The association offers its services to people abroad through the International Centre for Dispute Resolution.The administrative services that are offered by ICDR and AAA include, setting of hearings, providing settlement through mediation, providing the users with crucial information on dispute resolution options, and appointment of arbitrators and mediators. The American Arbitration Association in its work faces several challenges which need to be addressed in order to perform well. Introduction The American Arbitration Association (AAA) is an enterprise whose role is to arbitrate and to resolve disputes between parties.It was founded in 1926 af ter the Arbitration Society of America was consolidated with the Arbitration Foundation and the Arbitration Conference. It has the duty to administer arbitration proceedings and to provide alternative dispute resolution services to the people. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) embraces the dispute resolution processes and techniques that are applied outside the government judicial process (American Arbitration Association, Accessed on April 13, 2009).Through the AAA rules, the International Centre for Dispute Resolution (ICDR) is able to administer arbitration at an international level. The ICDR was established in 1996. In America, the AAA acts as the country's primary provider of arbitration and mediation services. The mediators who are employed in the institution are highly respected professionals who have great experience in industry and business law. The mediators are also highly trained in efforts to ensure that they provide high quality mediation services to address dispute s.The term arbitration is one form of alternative dispute resolution which occurs outside the court. This requires the parties involved in a dispute to be bound by the decision of the arbitrators. In addition, the American Arbitration Association provides its services abroad through the International centre for Dispute Resolution (ICDR). The AAA is engaged in efforts that aim at moving cases through mediation and arbitration in an impartial and fair manner. In this paper, the important role of the American Arbitration Association and the challenges it faces in its work will be discussed.Discussion Role of the American Arbitration Association The American Arbitration Association offers arbitration services to parties that may be in a dispute or experiencing a conflict. In the United States, the American Arbitration Association assists citizens to resolve disputes by administering arbitration proceedings. Through the proceedings, the association assists individuals or organizations wh o are involved in a dispute to solve it outside the courts.The case is usually reviewed and a decision that is legally binding to both sides imposed. An impartial adjudicator who is in charge during arbitration proceedings is expected to give his/her final decision which is final and binding. The American Arbitration Association benefits people or organizations greatly because it is often much faster in solving disputes as compared to litigation in court. This therefore becomes very crucial is saving a lot of time and resources that could be used in resolving a dispute in court.Because arbitration proceedings and award are usually non-public, the parties involved in a dispute can be able to resolve a dispute through confidential proceedings. Furthermore, business enterprises or organizations find arbitration more flexible and cheaper than court cases. In any arbitration proceedings, a contract need to be signed which includes an arbitration clause that names or acknowledges the Amer ican Arbitration Association as the organization that will be responsible for administering arbitration between the involved parties.The association has a primary duty to provide administrative support to the arbitrations when they are presented to a panel of arbitrators or a single arbitrator. Arbitrators who are chosen are selected in accordance with the agreement of the parties or in accordance with the association’s rules if the parties fail to agree (American Arbitration Association, 2006). The American Arbitration Association has a long history and great experience in providing people with alternative dispute resolution services.Another major role the AAA plays in resolving disputes is by administering cases starting from filing to closing. Administrative services are offered to both the American citizens, as well as those who are abroad through the International centre for Dispute Resolution (ICDR). Some of the administrative services that the American Arbitration Asso ciation and ICDR provide to the people include settling disputes through mediation, setting hearings, and the appointing the arbitrators and mediators who are in charge of cases that are presented.The association ensures that both mediation and arbitration cases are handled in an impartial and fair manner. To ensure that people are provided with effective alternative dispute resolution services, the American Arbitration Association is involved in the designing and the development of alternative resolution (ADR) systems for courts, unions, law firms, corporations, and government agencies. In addition, people who desire to learn more about alternative dispute resolution are able to receive training, education and publications from the association.Election services are also provided by the American Arbitration Association. The American Arbitration Association has shown its commitment to provide customer focused alignment of its resources by creating five divisions. These divisions incl ude the International, the commercial, state insurance, and construction and labor/employment/elections disciplines. These alternative dispute resolution disciplines encompass expertise in various and specific case loads (Lynch, 2001). This has made it easy for people to access necessary information about dispute resolution.The creation of the divisions provides customers with more customized services which can effectively address the specific disputes are presented in the association. The dispute resolution services that American Arbitration Association offers to the Americans involve construction, consumer, technology, employment, intellectual property, financial services, and health care and international trade conflicts. However, the association is not limited to addressing conflicts in these areas only.The alternative dispute resolution resources at the American Arbitration Association offer education and training services, the association’s rules, a panel of neutral med iators and arbitrators, as well as case administration services. These resources are utilized to ensure that real world and cost effective solutions are provided to the consumers, counsel, business, government agencies, and industry professionals (Brunet, 2006). Case administrations are offered by the American Arbitration Association in conjunction with its Dispute Avoidance and Early Resolution procedures and rules.The Arbitration and mediation procedures and rules are also offered. In case administration, a dispute resolution process begins with the filing of a case which is then followed by the selection of an appropriate mediator and arbitrator . The hearing of the cases then follow. A final decision is then made after the case hearings and then the case is closed. To assist with the case procedural elements, the association appoints skilled case managers. In addition, by providing clients with an AAA Arbitration map, the association ensures that the clients are guided through t he case processes, and advice given to them on the available options.The clients are able to benefit from the advice offered by the association on how to best manage the process by saving on time and cost. To choose a neutral for a case, a more customized approach by the American Arbitration Association provides customers with the association’s enhanced neutral selection process for large complex cases (LCC). The parties to the LCC are able to get access to five tools that based on the client-selected criteria enhance screening options. To win customer service, the association has put into place a case management team.In this approach, a case manager act as the primary point person who has the ultimate responsibility for a particular case that is given to the entire case management team. This has enabled the association to assure and give confidence to clients that cases are always addressed appropriately. In order to avoid and resolve disputes early before issues arise, the association provides customers with early dispute resolution services. The American Arbitration Association acknowledges that dispute is inevitable hence having proper mechanisms to avoid and quickly resolve disputes is crucial (Ury, 2000).The need to act proactively in providing formal dispute resolution treatments and avoiding disputes has made it necessary for AAA to develop early dispute resolution services. To assist the clients to be well prepared, to avoid, and to minimize challenges that result from disputes, the association offers various dispute avoidance and easily resolution services. Arbitration requires the involved parties to submit a dispute to impartial persons who offer an â€Å"award† which is the final and binding decision when an arbitration case is over. Awards are made in writing and are always binding to the parties.This varies with mediation in that, mediation facilitates negotiation and communication between the parties in dispute. A mediation proces s encourages the parties in dispute to voluntarily make decisions that will end the dispute. Mediation process is considered to be an effective way of resolving disputes prior to litigation or arbitration. The association provides its arbitration and mediation services by providing the AAA rules and procedures to govern ADR processes and to increase customer’s access to the associations’ well trained and screened neutrals.The association’s neutrals have great knowledge, skills, and experience in resolving disputes. The association has over 7, 000 neutrals located in various parts of the world, and their conduct is guided by the AAA code of Ethics. When parties file a case, then the association provides the parties with information about the neutrals. To ensure that all arbitration and mediation cases are fair, the association has developed rules that need to be followed to solve disputes in state programs, consumer, labor, employment and commercial disputes.The international division of the American Arbitration Association is referred to as the International Centre for Dispute Resolution (ICDR). The establishment of the ICDR aimed at providing other individuals and organizations around the globe with services that the AAA was providing to the American people. Just like the American Arbitration Association, the ICDR has a primary responsibility to resolve disputes and to administer cases impartially. The ICDR has shown good organization and expertise in the administration of the international arbitration cases.The International Centre for Dispute Resolution has established cooperative agreements with various nations and institutions in order to facilitate the filing and hearing of arbitration cases (Christian and Gabriele, 2006). The ICDR has managed to do this by establishing agreements with 43 countries and 62 arbitral institutions world wide. The agreements allow the filing and hearing of cases to be done anywhere in the world. A case th at is filed based on ICDR international rules require case managers to start working on ways through which the client can be provided with up to date progress of the case.The case managers have great experience in dealing with overseas arbitration and mediation issues and are fluent in at least 13 languages. The centre has a world wide panel of over 400 independent mediators and arbitrators who have the primary responsibility of hearing and resolving cases. Each year, the ICDR handles several hundred multinational cases. The association has its offices in Mexico, Ireland, Mexico City, Dubai and New York. Through the American Arbitration Association national roster of Arbitrators and mediators, experienced and respected experts from the business and legal communities can serve the people.The association provides clients with information on alternative dispute resolution information through published books, periodicals, and on line courses. The American Arbitration Association book st ore offer videos of various issues about ADR and enhances all individuals' conflict management skills. Challenges facing the American Arbitration Association One major challenge that the American Arbitration Association faces concerns the International Centre for Dispute Resolution. The ICDR offers its service to many individuals and organizations all over the globe.In its work, the centre receives cases that aim at resolving international conflicts. In the contemporary society, international disputes keep on increasing as nations seek to achieve economic prosperity and political interests (Lynch, 2001). The ICDR has the mandate to administer the cases presented to it impartially and with fairness. Due to the sensitivity of international conflicts, the ICDR faces the challenge of how to resolve international conflicts or disputes in an impartial manner due to the factors that may a case complicated.The association has always asserted its commitment to fair and equal treatment of ind ividuals or organizations. In addition, the association is committed to ensuring that it continues to be diverse in opinion, its services, and its staff. The challenge is how to ensure that the association continues with its commitment to diversification. Furthermore, the association faces the challenge of how to effectively recruit professionals who will act as representatives at a global level, hire diverse staff, and nominate individuals from minority groups to leadership rules.In solving international conflicts, the International Centre for Dispute Resolution faces the challenge of giving a fair judgment in disputes that are politically motivated. Although the ICDR may resolve a dispute, lack of cooperation from one of the parties involved in the dispute is a great challenge when conducting case proceedings. When it comes to international disputes in the environment field, the ICDR faces the challenge of resolving disputes while at the same time respecting the involved nations, international and bilateral agreements that provide for the settlement of such disputes.Having states comply with the international obligations has become an important issue in international obligations. Conclusion The American Arbitration Association since its establishment has served people with dispute resolution services. The association has gained a lot of experience in providing alternative dispute resolution services to people world wide. Examples of these services include arbitration and mediation. Apart from providing its services in the United States, the association provides alternative dispute resolution services to people at an international level through the International Centre for Dispute Resolution (ICDR).In addition, the association in efforts to provide high quality services to the customers has developed effective strategies through disputes between parties can be solved in a fair manner. Many people and organizations are now filing cases with the American Arbitr ation Association due to the benefits it has proved to offer to the customer. However, the association faces several challenges which it needs to address in order to serve the customers appropriately. References American Arbitration Association. 2006. ADR and Law.JurisNet, LLC Publishers American Arbitration Association. www. adr. org. Accessed on April 13, 2009 Brunet, D. 2006. Arbitration Law in America: A Critical Assessment. Cambridge University Press Christian, U. , and Gabriele, K. 2006. Arbitration and Mediation in International Business Lynch, J. 2001. â€Å"ADR and Beyond: A Systems Approach to Conflict Management†, Negotiation Journal, Volume 17, Number 3, July 2001, Volume, p. 213. Ury, W. 2000. The Third Side: Why We Fight and How We Can Stop. Penguin Putnam. New York

6 Essential Things to Bring to an Interview

6 Essential Things to Bring to an Interview So much preparation (and blood and sweat and tears) goes into getting a job interview that sometimes it’s easy to forget the practicalities. In other words: there’s so much we can’t control when going to an interview; it’s hard to remember the few things we can control. Here are six things to bring to an interview to ensure you succeed.1. Google MapsFigure this out ahead of time. How long will it realistically take you to get to the interview location. Will it be rush hour? Will the bus you expect to take be running at that time on that day of the week? Map it out and run it through in your head. Then, just in case your phone battery dies or your 4G fails, make some sort of physical copy to carry with you, just in case.2. Your resumeYes, they already have it. But the likelihood of someone asking you for another copy is very high. Have a couple copies with you, ready to go- have five! You’ll never look stupid having a hard copy on hand when asked, th ough you might feel pretty silly if you’re asked for one and can’t deliver.3. Pen and paperYes, it’s old-fashioned. But imagine a scenario in which you have to take note of something. If you pull out your phone to type it in, how will that look? (It will look like you’re texting. Even if you swear you aren’t.) It’s also very useful to have a notepad on hand to jot down some post-interview notes and names, and will make it easier for you to recall details when you send your follow-up thank yous.4. QuestionsAs in: you should have some. You’ll be asked the dreaded, â€Å"Do you have any questions for us?† So you might as well be ready for it. Write these down in the aforementioned notepad, or have a printed sheet with you to reference. Better yet, have them memorized. But do have them prepared.5. PortfolioEven if you’re not an artist or designer, it’s always useful to have some sample work ready to go. A writing samp le, perhaps. A copy of a particularly well-executed report or presentation. An annual report. You might never be asked for anything, but it’s always best to have something on hand in case you are.6. A smileGoing in with a positive attitude can make all the difference. You might be nervous, or having a terrible week, month, year- that doesn’t have to show. Go in there with confidence and charm and a smile on your face. Show your honest interest in the company and the position and your sincerity will be appreciated.

How to Choose a Grad School

How to Choose a Grad School What graduate programs will you apply to? Selecting a graduate school entails many considerations. Its not just a matter of determining your field of study - graduate programs in a given discipline may vary widely. Graduate programs differ in academics but also in training philosophies and emphases. In deciding where to apply, consider your own goals and directions as well as your resources. Consider the following: Basic DemographicsOnce you know your area of study and desired degree, the most basic considerations in selecting graduate programs to which to apply are location and cost. Many faculty will tell you to not be choosy about geographic location (and if you want the best shot of getting accepted you should apply far and wide) but remember that you will spend several years in graduate school. Be aware of your own preferences as you consider graduate programs. Program GoalsNot all graduate programs in a given area, like clinical psychology, for example, are the same. Programs often have different emphases and goals. Study program materials to learn about faculty and program priorities. Are students trained to produce theory or research? Are they trained for careers in academia or the real world? Are students encouraged to apply findings outside of academic contexts? This information is hard to come by and must be inferred by studying faculty interests and activities as well as examining the curriculum and requirements. Do you find the classes and curriculum interesting? FacultyWho are the faculty? What are their areas of expertise? Are they distinguished? Are they all about to retire? Do they publish with students? Can you see yourself working any of them, preferably more than one? There are many things to consider when choosing graduate programs to which to apply. It may seem time intensive and overwhelming, but putting in the time to carefully select graduate programs will make it easier later on when you are accepted and must decide where to attend that decision is much more challenging.

Case Study Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Analysis - Case Study Example This clearly means than Janisha seriously need help and must be counseled. In fact, even her parents need some advices because their ignorance of family duties is what makes Janisha change her behaviors to incorporate bad and unresponsive behaviors. Therefore, the ultimate aim of this context is to provide proper psychoanalytical counseling for Janisha using knowledge comprehended from chapter five of the book, Counseling Children by Paul Dubois Henderson and Thompson. According to chapter five of the book Counseling Children, psychoanalysis, as a form of therapy, is centered on the comprehension that people are massively unaware of the mental procedures that settle on their feelings, thoughts, and behavior, and that psychological suffering can be eased by making those procedures open to the individual (Thompson & Henderson, 2010). The best example of such people is Janisha who does things absent-mindedly in the sense that through her bad behaviors, she was able to implicit the same to other teens particularly to her friends and her brother Marcus. She influenced her friends to sneak out of school without permission. According to the book Counseling Children, Henderson and Thompson clearly stated that Stigmunt Freud was the initial person to establish the theory and method of psychoanalysis in the mid 1890s. This theory and method of psychoanalysis integrates new insights about human development and behavior centered on psychoanalytic study and re cognitions from associated fields. Therefore, through understanding this theory by Freud, it is possible to solve Janisha’s situation because she seriously need behavioral change and seriousness in studies in order to perform well (Novie, 2007). According to Thompson and Henderson, the main goals of psychoanalysis as highlighted in chapter five of their book encompass increased self-awareness, relief, and more

Anorexia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Anorexia - Research Paper Example exia is caused by a variety of different factors, including biology, sociological considerations and psychological adjustment patterns that are often driven by youth historical experiences in society and with family members. It is also known to be caused by media representation of what constitutes an ideal form for men and women which alters a person’s self-esteem levels and sense of self-worth in a social context. Such causes of the disease are known to be attributed to body dysmorphia, an unreasonable and rather perverse sense of the self as it pertains to body image as well as youth caregiver attachment problem (to name only two potential causes). Treatment options include cognitive behavioral therapy, clinical interventions, family therapy, support groups, pharmaceuticals, and even more radical psychotherapy methodologies. Hence, there are potential solutions that can reduce prevalence of this mental disorder with many of the aforementioned treatment options sustaining credible and sometimes substantial recovery and success rates. The goal of treatment, as indicated by research, is to change the distorted sense of self that is common with anorexia and improve cognition patterns to develop healthier eating and coping strategies. Anorexia Nervosa is a variety of eating disorder in which the individual radically curbs their food intake and maintains an unreasonable and rather groundless terror of weight gain. It is usually accomplished with a maladjusted viewpoint about their bodies. Anorexia is characterized by extreme weight loss. People who maintain this mental illness begin an extreme regulation of dietary consumption which leads to a variety of health problems. Anorexia is a common eating disorder that affects women and men, however its prevalence is most widespread in the female population. Those that have been diagnosed with anorexia often maintain an irrational obsession with maintaining a thin body figure and become preoccupied and often fanatical

Ocean Park (Hong Kong) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ocean Park (Hong Kong) - Essay Example There are three attraction areas in this park which include Headland, Lowland and Tai Shue Wan. The three areas are connected by a cable car, ocean express and outdoor escalator which is considered to be the second longest in the earth (Citi International Case Competition, 2008). The greatest attractions of Ocean Park include amusement park, an oceanarium and an open-air theme park. Hong Kong Ocean Park inaugurated a ‘flagship marine-themed zone’ – ‘Aqua City’ on 26th January 2011. It is the giant aquarium of Aqua City and became the latest attraction for the tourist. The aquarium features around 5,000 marine animals belonging to more than 400 species (China Travel Guide, 2011). 2.0 Strength and Weakness of Culture of Ocean Park 2.1 Strength In Southeast Asia, Ocean Park is the best park with its infrastructure on a mountainside. It is one of the largest entertainment and educational parks. Though it is quite old, it has been maintained properly (Orac le Think Quest, n.d.). Ocean Park is recognised as an iconic entity in Hong Kong, which is popularised with local people along with tourists. About 55% of the tourists are from China and other foreign countries. The people are provided with both educational and recreational facilities. ... They can acquire knowledge about the aquatic life from Chinese Sturgeon Aquarium, Atoll Reef and Sea Jelly Spectacular. At present the theme park has 19 rides along with two rollercoaster. 11 animals are displayed in the house such as a and Chinese sturgeon aquarium, giant panda habitat and a jelly fish A four-storyed aquarium demonstrates nearly about 2,000 fishes (Citi International Case Competition, 2008). In the lower part of the park, there is a parrot garden as well as garden theatre where various animals along with parrot perform shows. The upper portion have recreation centre of marine game which is on the top of the mountain (Oracle Think Quest, n.d.). The water world is also available in the Ocean Park which is greatly enjoyed by the people during summer season (Asian Info, 2000). The park has strong brand and has gained its popularity globally. The Ocean Park is rich in all the traditional cultures of China. The Chinese culture can be observed in this largest theme park. C able car facilities are provided to experience the natural view of southern coast, Aberdeen and neighbouring islands of Hong Kong. The prices range of Ocean Park is also competitive than other existing parks in Hong Kong (Bloom & Et. Al., 2005). 2.2 Weakness The park is located in the hillside thus it causes problem in land development. The financial strength of the Ocean Park is less. They are not getting any financial support and are dependent on their own income along with production cost. The park has developed various strategies to renovate the place but enough time will be required for the work. As the park was opened in 1977, it is much older than other parks. The attractiveness of the park has subsided, thus the tourists are less

Social Policy Development In The Youth Justice System Criminology Essay

Social Policy Development In The Youth Justice System Criminology Essay The aim of this essay is to discuss social policy development in the Youth Justice System (YJS). It places the discussion in the context of some of the economics, political and social concepts that influence social policy development in the YJS. The essay further discusses some of the impacts of these policies in relation to social exclusion, inequality and poverty. It will also assess the structures and organisations like; the Youth Justices Board (YJB 2004), the Intensive Surveillance and Supervision Programme (ISSP) and the Youth offending Teams (YOT) that are involved in the welfare provision. The essay also explores the relationships amongst the different agencies involved in social welfare provision for young offenders. A number of youth justice policies have been developed between 1979 to date. In 1979 the Conservative Government came to power with rhetoric of being tough on crime than its Labour opponents. They introduced a tougher regime known as short sharp shock into detention centres, they promised to jail every person who was sentenced by the judges and magistrates. As a result, the prison population rose (Says who?). In an attempt to limit the prison population, they encouraged diversion from court and custody and also opted for shorter sentences for many run-of-mills offenders. They also introduced a less harsh measure policy of bifurcation which was advocated for the less serious offenders. (Goldson: 2008). Despite these measures, the prison population continued to rise with regular out breaks of riots and disorder within prisons. After the 1987 General Elections, Douglas Hard the then Home Office secretary introduced new YJS approaches which became to be known as the Hurd approach. They included volunterisation, privatisation, managerialism, crime prevention and the neighbourhood watch. (Cavadin Dignan: 2006) They also introduced the Criminal Justice Act 1988 which created a unified sentence of detention in Young Offenders Institutions. The Children Act of 1989 which directed local authorities to make arrangements for diversion from prosecution of child offenders (Muncie et al 2002). New Labour Government introduced the early interventions and restorative justice commonly known as the 3Rs (restoration, reintegration and reparation), they passed the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 which introduced the Detention and Training Order (Goldson, 2008). They created the Youth Justice Board (YJB) which is a multi-agency youth body that identifies and monitors good practice (YJB 2004). They formed the Youth Offending Teams (YOTs) which locally co-ordinate the provision of youth justice services and are responsible for various supervisory duties in regard to community penalties, intervention programmes and pre-sentence reports (Muncie et al 2006). Among other policies, they introduced the Criminal Justice Act 2003 to overcome discrimination and inequality in the system (Blakemore and Griggs: 2007). It would be notable that although the Conservative Governments policies and those of New Labour appear different, they are largely similar in that they all hold the principle of punishment in them. However, to analyse their effectiveness, the essay evaluates the factors that influenced these reforms and their impact on the young offenders and those at risk. POLITICAL Social policy development in the YJS is significantly influenced by politics. Kevin (2009) states that, the establishment of the Youth Offending Teams (YOT) and the new youth justice framework was imposed by the government (Kevin, 2009: 298). Furthermore, Goldson (2008) states that: due to pressure on the government to take action on youth crime, the decision to implement the Intensive Surveillance and Supervision Programme (ISSP) was taken long before the evaluations of the pilots could even be completed (Goldson, 2008, p.136). Critics of political interference in policy development like Kevin (2009, p. 295 cited in Pitts, 2000) advises that the need for critical practice is paramount no matter how clever the government thinks it is. Goldson (2008, p.164) further supports this opinion by stating that Evidence Based Policy Practice improves decision making and should inform the development of public policy. While, Blakemore and Griggs (2007, p.197) recommend that the government plays a leading role in policy development, but remain relatively open to professionals and pressure groups. This point appears to carry more weight as it strikes a balance between the role of the government, elitists and the pressure groups. This brings up the debate of the independence of the judiciary from the state. Economic Social policy development in the youth justice is not only shaped by political influences, but also by economic structures in society. Smith (2003) argues that the governments concern to cut state spending encouraged the reduction in the use of expensive custodial options and as a result, it opted for community sentences. He further points out that the decline in the use of secure accommodation in local authorities from 1981 onwards was a budget-driven agenda (ibid). This further supports Alcock, (2008, p.198) statement that social policy development is closely dependent upon the economic structure of the society and upon the economic growth within it. SOCIAL Social policy development in the YJS may also be influenced by Voluntary and Community Sector (VCS). Smith (2007, p. 29-30) argued that it was the Childrens Society that reported that an inter-agency initiative in South Wales had produced successful outcomes such as the speeding up of the judicial process and reduction of offending while on bail, that the adoption of a comprehensive approach to managing the YJS was initiated. Smith (2007) further states that the inter-agency initiative became the most effective way of delivering an agreed package of assessment, service management and record-keeping. However, Alcock (2008, p.165) criticises that most voluntary organisations exclude some potential activists through social divisions of one kind or another. IMPACT Having explored the social, economic and political factors that influence social policy development, an insight on how these reforms improve the welfare and wellbeing of people in relation to social exclusion, poverty and inequality is important. Evidence from YJB (2008) states that: many of the ISSP participants had a range of underlying needs and were highly socially excluded: some had not been engaged in mainstream structures for some considerable time. In many cases, families had already asked for help but had been unable to get any assistance. It also states that 89 percent of young people on ISSP reoffended at some point in the first year of the program (YJB, 2004). Although the ISSP is just a single YJB program, the percentage of reoffending as stated in the report is significantly high and it can be argued that this policy has not effectively dealt with the issue of social welfare of young offenders. However, Blakemore and Griggs (2007:62) state that the YJB approaches are needs focussed and that they include strategies like; psychiatry, social work and education. This may suggest that by having interventions like psychiatry and social work, is an indication that young offenders have underlying issues which cannot be solved by punishment or custody. This line of discussion is supported by Goldson and Muncie (2006) asserting that: young people for whom the fabric of life invariably stretches across poverty; family discord; drug and alcohol misuse; mental distress; ill-health; emotional, physical and sexual abuse; self harm; homelessness; isolation, loneliness; circumscribed educational and employment opportunities; hollowed -out communities and most pressing sense of distress and alienation are the very children targeted by the youth justice apparatus. (Goldson and Muncie, 2006, p.222) From the problems identified above, it can also be argued that policy- makers should be aiming at promoting social welfare instead of criminal justice and by so doing, professionals like; psychiatrists, social workers and teachers would be clear about what they are trying to achieve. Goldson and Muncie (2006) further call for the ethically legitimate, rights-compliant and effective approaches to youth crime and justice stating that approaches must be located within a broad corpus of social and economic policy rather than the narrower confines of youth/criminal justice policy (ibid). The YJB (2006) states that, the government has a Social Exclusion Action Plan and that poverty has been reduced . It further states that more needs to be done to tackle social exclusion, focussing on tackling the cycles of disadvantage that can lead to social exclusion being passed from one generation to the next. This appears to suggest that the YJB admits that current policies are inadequate to address the issues of poverty and social exclusion. As stated eerier that the ISSP which is YJBs strategy to rehabilitate persistent young offenders was implemented in haste, long before its pilots were completed. Could this be the reasons why it produced undesirable outcomes?. In addition to the above, it appears that punishing young offenders with underlying issues has contributed to the YJBs ineffectiveness. This argument is supported by Goldson (2007) asserting that:- despite such developments in policy, the deep-rooted tensions between welfare and justice that are intrinsic to law, policy and practice in respect of children in trouble, continue to comprise the source of contestation and complexity (Goldson 2008: p.207). This is amplified by Muncie (2009, p. 242 cited Hughes, and Young, 2007) arguing that the inclusionary principles, values and ideals that inform some social policies should not be abandoned, but resurrected within agendas of social justice, rather than criminal justice. More concerns in terms of inequality and discrimination by Blakemore and Griggs (2007) point out that the criminal justice system is unfair and that African-Caribbeans are more likely to be jailed than whites or Asians. He also states that the police are not quick to respond to policing needs of ethnic minorities than they should have (ibid). Furthermore, Muncie (2009) argues that ethnic minority youths are statistically more likely to be stopped and searched by the police, but offending rates for African Caribbean are not higher than those of whites. The examples of discriminatory practice and inequality may lead one to wonder how the YOTs can work effectively when the police force which has been accused of discriminatory practices. It is notable that legislations such as the Criminal Justice Act 2003 were introduced to overcome the evils of discrimination and inequality in the entire criminal justice system. However, the examples of unequal treatment, injustice, lack of fairness and discrimination do indicate that these issues are alive, and do need to be addressed. Therefore, the policy planning process, implementation and review should focus on empowering young offenders to overcome the issues of social exclusion, poverty and inequality. CONCLUSION This essay has reflected on the impact of some of the political, social and economic influences on social policy development and how these resultant policies on the YJS have impacted on social exclusion, poverty and inequality. The essay appreciates the existence of the YOT as a multi- agency team in the youth justice system that includes, psychiatrists, social workers. Youth workers and education. The essay deplores the existence of the principle of punishment in the in a system which should be aiming at emancipating young offenders who have underlying issues. The essay has also discussed the existence of discrimination and inequality which exposes young offenders to social exclusion as a result of flaws in the policies. Although this essay has appraised introduction of the New Labour policies, it concludes that the practice remains largely the same despite the change in policy.

Andrew Johnson - A Short Analysis :: essays research papers

President Andrew Johnson lifted himself out of extreme poverty to become President of the United States. He was a man with little education who climbed the political ladder and held many different high offices. As a strict constitutionalist, Johnson believed in limiting the powers of the federal government. President Johnson was one of the most bellicose Presidents who â€Å"fought† Congress, critics, and many others. President Andrew Johnson faced numerous problems post-Civil War Era including reconstructing the Southern states to combine peacefully with the Union, his battles with Congress, and his career ending impeachment. Following Lincoln’s tragic assassination, President Andrew Johnson took on the accountability of making Reconstruction a reality. Andrew Johnson wanted to use Lincoln’s ideas of reconstruction but in a modified form. Since Congress would be in recess for eight more months Johnson decided to go ahead with his plan. Johnson's goal in reconstruction was to grant amnesty to all former Confederates (except high officials), the ordinances of secession were to be revoked, Confederate debts would repudiate, and the states had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment. Once the states swore to a loyalty oath to abide by the conditions they would be allowed to return to the Union. After swearing to the oath Confederate States would be allowed to govern themselves. With this power the states implemented the creation of a system of black codes that restricted the actions of freed slaves in much the same way, if not exactly the same way, that slaves were restricted under the old law. The e nd result of his plan was a hopeless conflict with the Radical Republicans who dominated Congress, passed measures over Johnson's vetoes, and attempted to limit the power of the executive concerning appointments and removals. As soon as Johnson was made president he began to disagree with Congress, particularly those Congressional members of his opposing party. Later, he even broke ties with his own party citing the fact that he wouldn’t endorse a new amendment to the Constitution granting blacks the rights of citizenship. Congress did not approve of President Johnson’s plans for Reconstruction. The Wade Davis Plan returned power to the same people who had tried to break the Union by granting them amnesty. The Congress mainly opposed this plan because it contained no provision to protect the free slaves. The Freedman’s Bureau Act was intended to help former slaves to shift from slavery to emancipation and assured them equality before law.

Accouting 303 Project

2. As a for-profit entity, my company must record the amount of the donation as an expense at the fair value of the donated asset. In this case, my company must recognized a loss of eight thousand dollars, simply because the fair value of my donated asset is two thousand dollars. Furthermore, I must update my books by debiting â€Å"Contribution Expense† and â€Å"Loss on disposal of x asset† for $2,000 and $8,000 crediting the asset for $10,000. In this case, the fair value of my asset was lower than its book value forcing me to recognize a loss on my contribution. FASB ASC 845-10-30-1  Ã‚  Ã‚  In general, the accounting for nonmonetary transactions should be based on the fair values of the assets (or services) involved, which is the same basis as that used in monetary transactions. Thus, the cost of a nonmonetary asset acquired in exchange for another nonmonetary asset is the fair value of the asset surrendered to obtain it, and a gain or loss shall be recognized on the exchange. The fair value of the asset received shall be used to measure the cost if it is more clearly evident than the fair value of the asset surrendered. Similarly, a nonmonetary asset received in a nonreciprocal transfer shall be recorded at the fair value of the asset received. A transfer of a nonmonetary asset to a stockholder or to another entity in a nonreciprocal transfer shall be recorded at the fair value of the asset transferred and a gain or loss shall be recognized on the disposition of the asset. FASB ASC 845-10-30-2  Ã‚  Ã‚  The fair value of an entity's own stock reacquired may be a more clearly evident measure of the fair value of the asset distributed in a nonreciprocal transfer if the transaction involves distribution of a nonmonetary asset to eliminate a disproportionate part of owners' interests (that is, to acquire stock for the treasury or for retirement). If one of the parties in a nonmonetary transaction could have elected to receive cash instead of the nonmonetary asset, the amount of cash that could have been received may be evidence of the fair value of the nonmonetary assets exchanged. 1. In this case, the facility is a â€Å"Qualifying asset† an asset that takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. Therefore, borrowing costs that are directly related to the acquisition of this facility can be capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. On the other and, an alternative is the Benchmark treatment, which expenses borrowing costs when incurred. I chose to capitalize the facility, because expenses should follow revenues, in accordance to the matching principle. My facility will not be productive until my long-term research and development projects produce revenues. FASB ASC 730-10-25-2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elements of costs shall be identified with research and development activities as follows (see Subtopic 350-50 for guidance related to website development): * a. Materials, equipment, and facilities. The costs of materials (whether from the entity's normal inventory or acquired specially for research and development activities) and equipment or facilities that are acquired or constructed for research and development activities and that have alternative future uses (in research and development projects or otherwise) shall be capitalized as tangible assets when acquired or constructed. The cost of such materials consumed in research and development activities and the depreciation of such equipment or facilities used in those activities are research and development costs. However, the costs of materials, equipment, or facilities that are acquired or constructed for a particular research and development project and that have no alternative future uses (in other research and development projects or otherwise) and therefore no separate economic values are research and development costs at the time the costs are incurred. See Topic 360 for guidance related to property, plant, and equipment; the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets Subsections of Subtopic 360-10 for guidance related to impairment and disposal; and paragraphs 360-10-35-2 through 35-6 for guidance related to depreciation. * b. Personnel. Salaries, wages, and other related costs of personnel engaged in research and development activities shall be included in research and development costs. ? * c. Intangible assets purchased from others. The costs of intangible assets that are purchased from others for use in research and development activities and that have alternative future uses (in research and development projects or otherwise) shall be accounted for in accordance with Topic 350. The amortization of those intangible assets used in research and development activities is a research and development cost. However, the costs of intangibles that are purchased from others for a particular research and development project and that have no alternative future uses (in other research and development projects or otherwise) and therefore no separate economic values are research and development costs at the time the costs are incurred. ? * d. Contract services. The costs of services performed by others in connection with the research and development activities of an entity, including research and development conducted by others in behalf of the entity, shall be included in research and development costs. ? * e. Indirect costs. Research and development costs shall include a reasonable allocation of indirect costs. However, general and administrative costs that are not clearly related to research and development activities shall not be included as research and development costs. ?

Cost and Southwestern University Essay

Southwestern University (SWU), located 30 miles southwest of the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex, has witnessed tremendous growth in its football program (see Southwestern University: A, in Chapter 4). With that growth, fueled by the hiring of legendary coach Bo Pitterno, has come more fame, the need for a bigger stadium, and more complaints about seating, parking, long lines, and concession stand prices (see Southwestern University: C, in Chapter 6). Southwestern University’s president, Dr. Joel Wisner, was not only concerned about the cost of expanding the existing stadium versus building a new stadium, but also about the ancillary activities. He wants to be sure that these various support activities generate revenue adequate to pay for themselves. Consequently, he wants the parking lots, game programs, and food service to all be handled as profit centers. At a recent meeting discussing the new stadium, Wisner told the stadium manager, Hank Maddux, to develop a break-even chart and related data for each of the centers. He instructed Maddux to have the food service area break-even report ready for the next meeting. After discussion with other facility managers and his subordinates, Maddux developed the table below. This table shows the expected percent of revenue by item, the suggested selling prices, and his estimate of variable costs. Item | Selling Price/Unit | Variable Cost/Unit | SalesUnits | Soft drink | $1.50 | $ .75 | 10000| Coffee | 2.00 | .50 | 5000 | Hot dogs | 2.00 | .80 | 2000| Hamburgers | 2.50 | 1.00 | 5000| Misc. snacks | 1.00 | .40 | 3000| Maddux’s fixed costs are interesting. He estimated that the prorated portion of the stadium cost would be: salaries for food services at $100,000 ($20,000 for each of the five home games); 2,400 square feet of stadium space at $2 per square foot per game; and six people in each of the six booths for 5 hours at $7 an hour. Maddux wants to be sure that he has a number of things for President Wisner: (1) break-even point in dollars for all food sales; (2) realistic sales estimates (for instance, he wants to know how many dollars each attendee is spending on each food item at his projected break-even if attendance grows to 70,000); (3) what sales per attendee would be if attendance remained about 27,000; and (4) what his unit sales would be at break-even, that is, what are his sales of soft drinks, coffee, hot dogs, and hamburgers. He felt this latter information would be helpful to understand how realistic the assumptions of his model are.